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AP Psychology: Famous Psychologists
This flashcard deck provides essential information on the most influential and frequently tested psychologists in AP Psychology. From the pioneers of early psychological thought to key figures in developmental and social psychology, mastering these individuals and their contributions is crucial for exam success. Use these cards to quickly review core concepts and theories associated with each renowned psychologist.
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Who founded the first psychology laboratory, in Leipzig in 1879?
Wilhelm Wundt, who studied the mind through trained introspection.
Who founded structuralism?
Edward Titchener, Wundt's student, who broke consciousness into basic elements.
Who is called the father of American psychology and championed functionalism?
William James, author of The Principles of Psychology.
Who founded psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud, who stressed unconscious conflicts and early childhood experience.
Who discovered classical conditioning in experiments with dogs?
Ivan Pavlov.
Who developed operant conditioning using the "Skinner box"?
B. F. Skinner.
Who founded American behaviorism and ran the "Little Albert" study?
John B. Watson.
Who developed client-centered therapy and unconditional positive regard?
Carl Rogers.
Who proposed the hierarchy of needs?
Abraham Maslow.
Who proposed four stages of cognitive development?
Jean Piaget: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational.
Who proposed eight psychosocial stages, from trust vs. mistrust to integrity vs. despair?
Erik Erikson.
Who proposed preconventional, conventional and postconventional moral reasoning?
Lawrence Kohlberg.
Who demonstrated observational learning with the Bobo doll study?
Albert Bandura.
Who studied obedience by having participants give what they thought were painful shocks?
Stanley Milgram.
Who ran the Stanford Prison Experiment?
Philip Zimbardo; its conclusions are now disputed because the guards were coached.
Who created the Strange Situation to classify infant attachment?
Mary Ainsworth, who described secure, anxious-ambivalent and avoidant attachment.