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Canadian ED visits track CO, NO2, ozone, and PM
In seven Canadian cities, carbon monoxide and NO2 align with cardiac emergency visits, ozone with respiratory visits, and particles with warm-season asthma.
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How large was the Canadian ED multi-city sample?
Nearly 400,000 visits to 14 hospitals in seven cities.
Source: Air pollution and emergency department visits for cardiac and respiratory conditions: a multi-city time-series analysis · DOI · quote verified
Which pollutants were most consistent for cardiac visits?
Carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide.
Source: Air pollution and emergency department visits for cardiac and respiratory conditions: a multi-city time-series analysis · DOI · quote verified
What was the warm-season CO effect on MI/angina visits?
5.2% increase per 0.7 ppm at lag 0.
Source: Air pollution and emergency department visits for cardiac and respiratory conditions: a multi-city time-series analysis · DOI · quote verified
How did ozone relate to COPD visits in the warm season?
6.2% more visits per 18.4 ppb, about twice the year-round estimate.
Source: Air pollution and emergency department visits for cardiac and respiratory conditions: a multi-city time-series analysis · DOI · quote verified
What happened with PM10/PM2.5 and asthma in the warm season?
Associations were about three- and fourfold larger (14.4% and 7.6% increases).
Source: Air pollution and emergency department visits for cardiac and respiratory conditions: a multi-city time-series analysis · DOI · quote verified
Did 3-hour same-day pollutant averages predict visits?
No consistent associations up to 12 hours.
Source: Air pollution and emergency department visits for cardiac and respiratory conditions: a multi-city time-series analysis · DOI · quote verified
Why are ED visits a broader outcome than admissions?
Many cardiac/respiratory ED patients are never admitted (as few as 10% for asthma).
Source: Air pollution and emergency department visits for cardiac and respiratory conditions: a multi-city time-series analysis · DOI · quote verified
Which city dominated the visit counts?
Edmonton, with nearly 70% of all visits.
Source: Air pollution and emergency department visits for cardiac and respiratory conditions: a multi-city time-series analysis · DOI · quote verified
Were control (non-cardiorespiratory) conditions associated with pollution?
No associations were observed with control conditions.
Source: Air pollution and emergency department visits for cardiac and respiratory conditions: a multi-city time-series analysis · DOI · quote verified
Where did hourly pollutant data come from?
Canada’s National Air Pollution Surveillance (NAPS) system.
Source: Air pollution and emergency department visits for cardiac and respiratory conditions: a multi-city time-series analysis · DOI · quote verified
Why might warm-season effects be larger?
People spend more time outdoors, improving the match between outdoor monitors and true exposure.
Source: Air pollution and emergency department visits for cardiac and respiratory conditions: a multi-city time-series analysis · DOI · quote verified