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Clicking Fe metallohelices tunes cancer-cell selectivity

Copper-click derivatisation of a stable Fe2L3 helix gives Δ-[Fe2L3a3]Cl4, which is more cancer-selective than the parent, hits cancer stem cells, and still has a fully characterised coordination core.

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Why can these metallohelices undergo harsh PAM chemistry?

They are highly stable to dissociation/hydrolysis, enabling efficient CuAAC on the intact helix.

Source: Discovery of selective, antimetastatic and anti-cancer stem cell metallohelices via post-assembly modification · DOI · quote verified

What PAM reaction was used on the triplex alkynyl enantiomers?

CuAAC with benzyl azide, CuI, in methanol.

Source: Discovery of selective, antimetastatic and anti-cancer stem cell metallohelices via post-assembly modification · DOI · quote verified

How was R_C,Δ_Fe,HHT-[Fe2L3a3]Cl4 confirmed by MS?

ESI m/z 464.1580 versus calculated 464.1582 for the tetracation.

Source: Discovery of selective, antimetastatic and anti-cancer stem cell metallohelices via post-assembly modification · DOI · quote verified

What NMR signature appears after benzylation?

New singlets near 5.6 ppm (1H) and ~55 ppm (13C) for the benzyl methylene.

Source: Discovery of selective, antimetastatic and anti-cancer stem cell metallohelices via post-assembly modification · DOI · quote verified

How much did clicking raise potency in ovarian/breast lines?

About 7- to 25-fold versus the alkyne parent, with little change in HCT116.

Source: Discovery of selective, antimetastatic and anti-cancer stem cell metallohelices via post-assembly modification · DOI · quote verified

What happened in a 24 h scratch assay?

Control healed to 33% open; Δ parent and clicked helix left 62% and 71% open.

Source: Discovery of selective, antimetastatic and anti-cancer stem cell metallohelices via post-assembly modification · DOI · quote verified

How much was Matrigel invasion reduced?

35% (parent) and 58% (clicked Δ); the unclicked L2 helix had no effect.

Source: Discovery of selective, antimetastatic and anti-cancer stem cell metallohelices via post-assembly modification · DOI · quote verified

What CSC-enriched IC50 was reported?

1.21 ± 0.25 μM on HCT116.CD133+, about half the bulk p53+/+ value.

Source: Discovery of selective, antimetastatic and anti-cancer stem cell metallohelices via post-assembly modification · DOI · quote verified

Does p53 deletion confer resistance as it does for cisplatin?

No—none of the Δ-metallohelices lost potency in HCT116 p53−/−.

Source: Discovery of selective, antimetastatic and anti-cancer stem cell metallohelices via post-assembly modification · DOI · quote verified

What ion-transport assay supported an ATPase-linked mechanism?

Rubidium uptake fell 35–47% in A2780 and HCT116 p53+/+ cells.

Source: Discovery of selective, antimetastatic and anti-cancer stem cell metallohelices via post-assembly modification · DOI · quote verified

Are Δ and Λ equally selective after clicking?

No—Δ is much more cancer-selective than Λ, matching distinct cell-cycle arrest.

Source: Discovery of selective, antimetastatic and anti-cancer stem cell metallohelices via post-assembly modification · DOI · quote verified