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Green-light ATRP that tolerates open air

Eosin Y plus a copper ATRP catalyst polymerizes OEOMA under green light in open vials, giving low dispersity even at 1000 rpm stirring.

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What two catalysts make the dual system?

Eosin Y photoredox catalyst plus a copper ATRP catalyst.

Source: Open-air green-light-driven ATRP enabled by dual photoredox/copper catalysis · DOI · quote verified

What happens without the photoredox catalyst?

No OEOMA conversion by 1H NMR.

Source: Open-air green-light-driven ATRP enabled by dual photoredox/copper catalysis · DOI · quote verified

What Đ results if copper is omitted?

High dispersity, Đ = 4.30, despite 89% conversion.

Source: Open-air green-light-driven ATRP enabled by dual photoredox/copper catalysis · DOI · quote verified

What control did EY + CuBr2 + TPMA give?

88% conversion and Đ = 1.19.

Source: Open-air green-light-driven ATRP enabled by dual photoredox/copper catalysis · DOI · quote verified

How oxygen-tolerant is stirring in open vials?

Even 1000 rpm still gave Đ < 1.18.

Source: Open-air green-light-driven ATRP enabled by dual photoredox/copper catalysis · DOI · quote verified

How little EYH2 still worked?

7.5 μM (25 ppm vs monomer) with 80% conversion, Đ = 1.16.

Source: Open-air green-light-driven ATRP enabled by dual photoredox/copper catalysis · DOI · quote verified

Where does ring-opened EY absorb?

Maximum near 520 nm in PBS after deprotonation.

Source: Open-air green-light-driven ATRP enabled by dual photoredox/copper catalysis · DOI · quote verified

Which quenching path is thermodynamically preferred?

Oxidative quenching of 3EY* by Cu(II), ΔGet = −0.92 eV.

Source: Open-air green-light-driven ATRP enabled by dual photoredox/copper catalysis · DOI · quote verified

What is the reductive-quenching ΔGet estimate vs TPMA/Et3N?

About +0.13 eV (uphill).

Source: Open-air green-light-driven ATRP enabled by dual photoredox/copper catalysis · DOI · quote verified

Can polymerization be gated with light?

Yes—stop and resume by turning green light off and on.

Source: Open-air green-light-driven ATRP enabled by dual photoredox/copper catalysis · DOI · quote verified