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Roads and air pollution track neurologic disease
In Metro Vancouver, living near roads raised incidence of non-Alzheimer dementia, Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, and MS; air pollution linked to NAD and PD, noise was null.
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How many incident NAD, PD, AD, and MS cases were identified?
13,170 NAD, 4,201 PD, 1,277 AD, and 658 MS.
Source: Road proximity, air pollution, noise, green space and neurologic disease incidence: a population-based cohort study · DOI · quote verified
What person-time did the NAD and PD cohorts contain?
7.3 and 7.4 million person-years.
Source: Road proximity, air pollution, noise, green space and neurologic disease incidence: a population-based cohort study · DOI · quote verified
What happened to people living near major roads or highways?
Increased hazard ratios for both NAD and PD.
Source: Road proximity, air pollution, noise, green space and neurologic disease incidence: a population-based cohort study · DOI · quote verified
Did greenness change road-proximity HRs for NAD/PD?
Yes—HRs fell 0.3–6.2% in all proximity categories after accounting for greenness.
Source: Road proximity, air pollution, noise, green space and neurologic disease incidence: a population-based cohort study · DOI · quote verified
How much did greenness attenuate the AD–road association?
11–28% attenuation of the AD odds ratios.
Source: Road proximity, air pollution, noise, green space and neurologic disease incidence: a population-based cohort study · DOI · quote verified
Which neurologic outcomes were linked to air pollution?
NAD and PD, but not AD or MS.
Source: Road proximity, air pollution, noise, green space and neurologic disease incidence: a population-based cohort study · DOI · quote verified
What was the noise finding?
Impacts of noise were generally null.
Source: Road proximity, air pollution, noise, green space and neurologic disease incidence: a population-based cohort study · DOI · quote verified
What median PM2.5 did NAD cases experience?
4.1 μg/m³ (IQR 1.5).
Source: Road proximity, air pollution, noise, green space and neurologic disease incidence: a population-based cohort study · DOI · quote verified
How was greenness measured?
Mean NDVI in a 100-m buffer around the residential address.
Source: Road proximity, air pollution, noise, green space and neurologic disease incidence: a population-based cohort study · DOI · quote verified
What correlation existed between road proximity and black carbon?
r = 0.49 for major road <50 m or highway <150 m vs black carbon.
Source: Road proximity, air pollution, noise, green space and neurologic disease incidence: a population-based cohort study · DOI · quote verified
Did greenness attenuate MS odds ratios?
No—greenness did not attenuate MS ORs and some estimates even increased.
Source: Road proximity, air pollution, noise, green space and neurologic disease incidence: a population-based cohort study · DOI · quote verified
How were NAD/PD analyses modeled?
Each case matched to 10 controls by age and sex, analyzed with conditional logistic regression (plus Cox HRs for proximity).
Source: Road proximity, air pollution, noise, green space and neurologic disease incidence: a population-based cohort study · DOI · quote verified