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OA and heat push coral microbes toward pathogens
After 6 days at pH ~7.7 and 32°C, Galaxea and Acropora RNA-based symbionts shifted and virulence/stress genes rose, changes that often persisted 9 days after stressors ended.
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What three climate stressors were applied to corals?
Acidification (A), warming/heat (H), and combined AH, versus ambient controls.
Source: The impacts of ocean acidification, warming and their interactive effects on coral prokaryotic symbionts · DOI · quote verified
What were control temperature and pH?
About 26°C and pH ~8.1.
Source: The impacts of ocean acidification, warming and their interactive effects on coral prokaryotic symbionts · DOI · quote verified
Why set heat to 32°C?
Corals often bleach above 30°C; 32°C probes extreme future thermal stress.
Source: The impacts of ocean acidification, warming and their interactive effects on coral prokaryotic symbionts · DOI · quote verified
Did host species or tanks dominate microbial identity?
Host specificity: the two corals clustered apart from seawater and each other.
Source: The impacts of ocean acidification, warming and their interactive effects on coral prokaryotic symbionts · DOI · quote verified
Did treatments still change active communities?
Yes—ANOSIM R = 0.86 (G. fascicularis) and 0.89 (A. valida), P = 0.001.
Source: The impacts of ocean acidification, warming and their interactive effects on coral prokaryotic symbionts · DOI · quote verified
What functional gene classes increased under stress?
Virulence, stress resistance, and heat-shock proteins among DEGs.
Source: The impacts of ocean acidification, warming and their interactive effects on coral prokaryotic symbionts · DOI · quote verified
What is the authors’ ecological interpretation?
Shifts from healthy mutualists toward more pathogenic/detrimental symbionts, even after stress removal.
Source: The impacts of ocean acidification, warming and their interactive effects on coral prokaryotic symbionts · DOI · quote verified
Which coral is described as stress-tolerant vs sensitive?
Massive G. fascicularis tolerant; branching A. valida sensitive.
Source: The impacts of ocean acidification, warming and their interactive effects on coral prokaryotic symbionts · DOI · quote verified
When were samples taken?
After 6 days of stress (T) and after 9 days of post-treatment recovery (P).
Source: The impacts of ocean acidification, warming and their interactive effects on coral prokaryotic symbionts · DOI · quote verified
How many 16S libraries/reads?
51 libraries; 2,024,156 high-quality reads from coral RNA plus seawater.
Source: The impacts of ocean acidification, warming and their interactive effects on coral prokaryotic symbionts · DOI · quote verified