Flashcard library · Electromagnetism
Physics: Electricity & Magnetism
This flashcard deck provides a comprehensive overview of essential concepts in Physics: Electricity & Magnetism. It covers fundamental principles from electrostatic forces and electric circuits to magnetic fields and electromagnetic induction, designed to help you master the most frequently tested topics. Perfect for reviewing key definitions, laws, and relationships before exams.
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How do electric charges interact?
Like charges repel; opposite charges attract.
What is Coulomb's law?
F = k|q₁q₂|/r²: force grows with the charges and falls with the square of distance.
Which way does an electric field point?
In the direction of the force on a positive test charge.
What is electric potential (voltage)?
Electric potential energy per unit charge, measured in volts (J/C).
What does a capacitor do?
Stores charge and energy in an electric field; capacitance is measured in farads.
What is electric current?
The rate of flow of charge, measured in amperes (C/s).
What affects a wire's resistance?
Its material (resistivity), length, cross-sectional area and temperature.
What is Ohm's law?
V = IR.
How is electric power calculated?
P = VI.
How do resistances combine in series and in parallel?
Series: R = R₁ + R₂. Parallel: 1/R = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂.
Which way do magnetic field lines run outside a bar magnet?
From the north pole to the south pole.
When does a charged particle feel a magnetic force?
When it moves with a velocity component across the field; the force is perpendicular to both.
What produces magnetic fields?
Moving charges (currents) and the intrinsic magnetic moments of particles such as electrons.
What is Faraday's law?
A changing magnetic flux induces an emf proportional to the rate of change of flux.
What is Lenz's law?
An induced current flows in the direction that opposes the change in flux causing it.
What is an electromagnetic wave?
Oscillating electric and magnetic fields, perpendicular to each other and to travel, moving at c in a vacuum.